This RAND report uses Ukraine's wartime information and counter-disinformation efforts as a case study to distill lessons for how the U.S. national security establishment can prepare for and counter Russian-style disinformation during future contingency operations.

Established new methodology for measuring the impact of social media influence operations. Research contributed to personal sanctions by the Russian Federation in 2022.

This RAND survey of pro-Ukraine and pro-Russia Russian-language Twitter activists finds pro-Ukraine users already pushing back against Russian influence online and offline and open to outside training and support, pointing to a brand ambassador model for connecting influential activists with training, content, and coordinated counter-influence efforts.