This RAND report surveys the threat picture and CVE programming in the Philippines, finding that entrenched poverty, communal divisions, and government grievances continue to drive radicalization while heavy-handed government counterterrorism risks fueling it further, non-kinetic government programs suffer from poor credibility and coordination, and nongovernmental efforts produce some wins but operate as microcampaigns without rigorous evaluation built in.

This RAND evaluation of Equal Access International's Mindanao CVE training and Peace Promotion Fellowship finds high participant satisfaction and successful community-based projects, and recommends tighter program design, more dedicated coaching staff, contingency planning, attention to fellow credibility, and more rigorous evaluation.